Sources

Blood pressure categories


BLOOD PRESSURE CATEGORY SYSTOLIC mm Hg
(upper number)
and/or DIASTOLIC mm Hg
(lower number)
NORMAL LESS THAN 120 and LESS THAN 80
ELEVATED 120 – 129 and LESS THAN 80
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE (HYPERTENSION) STAGE 1 130 – 139 or 80 – 89
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE (HYPERTENSION) STAGE 2 140 OR HIGHER or 90 OR HIGHER
HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS (consult your doctor immediately) HIGHER THAN 180 and/or HIGHER THAN 120

The five blood pressure ranges as recognized by the American Heart Association are:
Normal
Blood pressure numbers of less than 120/80 mm Hg are considered within the normal range. If your results fall into this category, stick with heart-healthy habits like following a balanced diet and getting regular exercise.
Elevated
Elevated blood pressure is when readings consistently range from 120-129 systolic and less than 80 mm Hg diastolic. People with elevated blood pressure are likely to develop high blood pressure unless steps are taken to control the condition.
Hypertension Stage 1
Hypertension Stage 1 is when blood pressure consistently ranges from 130-139 systolic or 80-89 mm Hg diastolic. At this stage of high blood pressure, doctors are likely to prescribe lifestyle changes and may consider adding blood pressure medication based on your risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), such as heart attack or stroke.
Hypertension Stage 2
Hypertension Stage 2 is when blood pressure consistently ranges at 140/90 mm Hg or higher. At this stage of high blood pressure, doctors are likely to prescribe a combination of blood pressure medications and lifestyle changes.
Hypertensive crisis
This stage of high blood pressure requires medical attention. If your blood pressure readings suddenly exceed 180/120 mm Hg, wait five minutes and then test your blood pressure again. If your readings are still unusually high, contact your doctor immediately.

Refrence: heart.org

Blood sugar basics: what is blood sugar?


The term “blood sugar” refers to the sugar, or glucose, that is floating around in your bloodstream at any given time. Blood sugar, or blood glucose is the main source of sugar found in your blood, and comes from the food you eat.
If you are monitoring your blood sugar, it is important to keep these numbers in check according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA).
Your blood sugar needs to be in the right range for you to be healthy. At least some glucose is necessary for your muscle, liver, and some other cells to use as fuel so they can function.
At least some sugar is necessary for your cells and organs to function properly. When our blood sugar levels get too low, it is called hypoglycemia. Without enough glucose as fuel, we lose the ability to function normally. This can make us feel weak, dizzy, and sweaty. And it can even lead to loss of consciousness.
On the other hand, blood sugar levels that get too high are also harmful, this is called hyperglycemia. Our blood sugar levels can get too high when we don’t have enough insulin, or when our insulin isn’t working well. This is the case for people who have prediabetes or diabetes.
If it isn’t treated, high blood sugar can lead to serious problems that can be deadly
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) explains that keeping blood sugar levels in the target range is vital. It can help us prevent serious health concerns like heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease, for example.
A blood sugar chart can help you remember which levels you should opt for!
What are “normal” blood sugar levels?
You might want to measure your blood sugar before meals to get a baseline, and then two hours after your meal to measure your “normal blood sugar level”.
Your doctor might also suggest measuring blood sugar before bed to be sure you have been eating well throughout the day and can go to sleep with peace of mind.
These are considered within the range of “normal” for blood sugar:
Less than 140 mg/dl if you do not have diabetes.
Less than 180 mg/dl if you have diabetes.

Target blood sugar chart for diabetics and prediabetics

Refrence: lark.com/

How Much Water Should You Drink Per Day?


Back in 1945, the U.S. Food and Nutrition Board advised people to consume 2.5 liters, or 84.5 fluid ounces (fl oz), of water per day, including fluid from prepared foods.
Today, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) say there is no recommendationTrusted Source for how much plain water adults should consume daily.
The 2015–2020 U.S. Dietary Guidelines do not recommendTrusted Source a specific daily water or fluid intake, but they do recommend choosing plain rather than flavored water and juices.
In the United Kingdom, the National Health Service (NHS) recommends consuming 6–8 glasses of water a day, or 1.9 liters (almost 65 fl oz), including water that is in food. The NHS notes this amount is suitable for a temperate climate. It says more will be needed in hotter climates.
Recommended intake by age
There is no fixed amount of fluid recommended by age, but some patterns emerge among healthy individuals doing a moderate amount of activity in a temperate climate.
The following sections show the average water intake for people of different ages.
Infants
Experts do not recommend plain water for infants before the age of 6 monthsTrusted Source.
The CDC says that if infants over 6 months of age need additional fluid on hot days, they can consume water in a bottle. However, their primary form of fluid and calories should be breast milk or formula.
Children over 12 months of age
Children over 12 months of age should be encouraged to drink waterTrusted Source in the following situations:
as part of their daily routine (for example, after brushing their teeth and before, during, and after playtime at school)
when the weather is warm
as an alternative to sweetened drinks and juices
Children should limit their juice consumption to one glass per day.
Parents are advised to keep a pitcher handy to encourage healthy water-drinking habits, and schools should have water fountains or equivalent facilities.
Adults ages 19–30 years
The recommended adequate intakes of total water from all sources each day for most adults between 19 and 30 years of age are:
3.7 liters (or about 130 fl oz) for men
2.7 liters (about 95 fl oz) for women
People who are pregnant are likely to need an extra 0.3 liters (10 fl oz). Those who are breastfeeding will need an additional 0.7 to 1.1 liters (23–37 fl oz).
Older adults
Older adults may be at riskTrusted Source of dehydration due to health conditions, medications, loss of muscle mass, reduction in kidney function, and other factors.
Older adults who are well hydrated have been found to have:
fewer falls
less constipation
a lower risk of bladder cancer, in men
Dehydration has been linked to a higher frequency of:
urinary tract infections
confusion
kidney failure
slower wound healing

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